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本篇文章转载自“http://www.unsv.com ”,我朋友办的英语学习网站。
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/ y% d+ x/ ?) p/ V! kHEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep ! X: Q( x6 h9 d$ R5 @7 M' e
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健康报道——研究人员发现睡眠所需时间少跟基因有关
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8 R" B% @/ v9 J) G! h: Z& Y/ JThe next time you think about going without 下次当你想继续下去,不要睡眠时,考虑
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, G$ f: \( j7 j7 X# \- rsleep, consider this: Laboratory animals that are 下这个吧:实验室小动物被保持清醒状态 , E! f, U% P4 A# l( J$ R; b; l
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kept awake for long periods of time ... die. 很长一段时间后,死了。 , A: _- Z, e# P( O1 R: U" j9 J
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: Z( [' n e; L! O/ S* ^+ `Yet sleep scientist Ying-Hui Fu at the 然而,加州大学旧金山分校的睡眠科学家
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2 N6 d. X8 k* v/ YUniversity of California, San Francisco, says Ying-Hui Fu (付颖慧)说,(科学家们)
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little is known about the basic need for sleep. 对于睡眠的基本需求所知甚少。 # v4 m+ g, m0 ~( H2 |5 K
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2 B1 ~- K8 [! }0 s4 l- g8 uYING-HUI FU: "We do not why some humans Ying-Hui Fu:“我们不(知道)为什么有
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, P( P" u2 k) fneed more sleep; why some humans need less 些人需要更多的睡眠,为什么有些人(只)
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sleep; why, when we do not sleep, we do not 需较少的睡眠,为什么我们不睡觉状态就
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' D% j* `% _- a: L0 ufunction well. We just do not know much about 不好。对于睡眠,我们知道的真的一点也 + T* \" Y* k) R- d, `) F! d
- M" K( d! U0 X0 R1 Hsleep at all." 不多。”
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% d+ C( D8 i9 zBut here is something that scientists now 但是,有件事是科学家们现在所知道的:
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0 N+ n. m8 p" w4 p: e3 Tknow: A team led by Professor Fu has reported 由Fu 教授领导的研究小组已经发表研究 - J5 M7 v6 o X; H
2 I3 S6 Q8 ]" w# S' D8 Vthe first genetic link to how much sleep we 报告,首次提出人们需要多少睡眠,跟基 3 u$ y" Q l! X1 h5 V% k
; I) M% w4 A8 v$ h( `7 C! w8 Q/ gneed. 因有关。
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) W- U% C) s+ p' z- UThe team was looking for a natural clock in the 这个研究小组一直在寻找人体内控制睡 8 T% M/ D, x6 @! p
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body that controls sleep and wakefulness. 眠和苏醒的生物钟。(然而)他们发现的
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What they found was a genetic abnormality. 是基因异常。拥有这种变异(基因)的人 ( f T) o; r1 m( [5 c
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People who have this mutation need less sleep 所需的睡眠比其他人少。
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But keep in mind that the scientists say this 但请记住,这些科学家也指出,这种变异 5 g( a0 c8 I. W6 r) } U
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mutated gene may be rare. The study involved 基因可能很罕见。这项研究涉及到一个家
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two members of an extended family . They did 族的两名成员,他们每天只需6 小时睡眠,
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% K) q. |: V; [3 ffine on just six hours of sleep a day. Studies 就能保持良好状态。研究已经证实,随着 d; T/ `% H- g9 W
' Q V: b8 |0 {have shown that over time, most humans need 时间的推移,大多数人需要8-8.5 小时睡 4 w+ _& G8 I. r6 x9 G# f" r% S
! x2 s& }( P* {eight to eight and a half hours of sleep for the 眠来保持最佳健康状况。
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best health. ) i+ U' _* F& I& X
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) F5 v4 O3 V& I2 h4 x. F9 NTo test their theories, the scientists genetically 为了测试他们的理论,科学家们在老鼠身
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engineered the mutation in mice. The mice 上用基因工程改造出这种变异。拥有变异 * J" a% C: @% D
: l' p7 I6 ~; L9 K7 Q Lwith the mutation needed less sleep than (基因)的老鼠比正常老鼠所需的睡眠 . D: b; j- @9 }$ X1 u
0 p& N/ \$ p; Y+ i0 }normal mice. They were also more active even 少。即使在被保持(长时间)清醒的状态 / b( D6 F, s# @" W; e" Y1 Q5 Q
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after being kept awake. 下,它们也显得更有活力。 + f! r2 h+ Q4 h; o& Z9 T8 ~( g$ f
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HEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep
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UNSV.COM 英语辅导杂志 + N+ R6 k) h% X9 U
Issue 123, Vol. 2009, August 26 , 2009 http://www.unsv.com
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The study appears in the journal Science. The 这项研究发表在《科学》杂志上。研究人
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5 k0 v) a6 y: w* I/ z- |3 lresearchers will continue to study the mice to 员将继续调查这些老鼠,以测试这种基因
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* c; X& k2 s* U$ R; I# R+ Z2 Ytest whether the gene is related to other 是否跟其它健康状况有关。他们还将研究
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medical conditions. And they will study 这种基因是仅仅涉及控制睡眠质量,还是 8 U. F G0 ?5 B
6 D1 r* E' m' H: s% S/ t; Ewhether it is involving in controlling sleep 也会涉及科学家们所称的 “苏醒行为欲 ) V/ y6 l1 i3 s1 T
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quantity alone, or also what scientists call the 望”。这种欲望对于(人们)获得食物、
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7 U" h% n5 T# o: A/ s"wakefulness-behavioral drive." This drive is 保护和伙伴很重要。
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important for getting food, shelter and mates.
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How you sleep can be as important as how 你怎么睡(即睡姿)可能跟你睡多久同样 3 {* j4 B4 h7 V
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much you sleep -- especially for newborn 重要,尤其对于新生婴儿。一项最新(研 4 H0 a' P( b' A' y8 ~* g& K8 Q
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babies. A new report says images in parenting 究)报告指出,对于如何将婴儿放在床上, 2 Z/ y, j! L% [. J5 S+ U! u0 x8 E4 e5 a
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and women's magazines may send the wrong 家长和女性相关杂志中的图片也许会传
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4 ]" v0 _' Z S6 amessage about how to put babies to bed. 递错误的信息。
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The study found that more than one-third of 该研究发现,在女性杂志中,1/3 以上的 . p" |# h2 j/ Z3 x
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the pictures in women's magazines showed 图片展示使用不安全的婴儿睡姿——侧
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babies in unsafe sleep positions . They showed 身睡或扒着睡。此外,仅有1/3 的图片所
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babies sleeping on their sides or stomachs. 展示的(婴儿)睡眠环境被美国小儿科学
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+ d; V; X4 o. M( c7 aAlso, only a third of the pictures showed sleep 会认可为安全的。
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environments considered safe by the American * O$ H$ `! A$ A% ]$ V" Q
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' ?' W9 W! V/ {/ a. X# [" R! b fThe academy says babies should sleep on their 该学会称,婴儿应该躺着睡,放在和父母
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& j7 X2 n, ]2 b! X" e& W- [# jbacks. It says they should be placed on a 分开的睡台上,不要盖毯子、垫枕头或铺
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separate sleep surface from their parents, 软床垫。在美国,这些指导方针被认为有 # u6 c* { v$ L$ l$ t) p+ K
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without blankets, pillows or other soft bedding. 助于减少婴儿猝死症候群病例。
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- @$ x6 n ?# U4 O( `( Q, CThese guidelines are credited with reducing ' Y* i1 O2 U- {& t5 _: s
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