|
本篇文章转载自“http://www.unsv.com ”,我朋友办的英语学习网站。9 s1 u8 u+ K# V: Q/ a8 @0 Q* R% T$ ~ v$ d
8 E# X& J, G$ y% Q7 n e& P* B) `
5 w0 L0 ?6 O' S% y3 i$ Q' A: a
HEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep # U7 r- g' _; J- ^, [
5 k7 s& t: A- X4 q: a0 p- @健康报道——研究人员发现睡眠所需时间少跟基因有关 ; }6 O7 L0 Y6 L
, ^" u) ?4 g7 }/ h# V
1 S! x; A7 U- |
, c" j$ S$ n, `. w6 ~The next time you think about going without 下次当你想继续下去,不要睡眠时,考虑
- \ b9 I8 h7 n5 @
+ I' Q# X$ J: J% ~, D# csleep, consider this: Laboratory animals that are 下这个吧:实验室小动物被保持清醒状态 * b! G) j9 C1 ^5 h- B; p1 G1 f. ]
5 F+ ^' E: A" C1 c
kept awake for long periods of time ... die. 很长一段时间后,死了。
& l$ Q4 F5 X- f1 F
3 T ]! z( N/ D6 z9 ?0 }% k7 {9 `& s5 S9 I" Z0 m% l' u% y# K
; s0 e; Y; R8 o0 h/ NYet sleep scientist Ying-Hui Fu at the 然而,加州大学旧金山分校的睡眠科学家
) u# w: O; X5 K. Z8 O3 K9 Z6 C; M; W- k7 _' c N" s4 \
University of California, San Francisco, says Ying-Hui Fu (付颖慧)说,(科学家们)
8 t" W7 n! ?1 N+ t- s
1 d6 i% u' e2 `, Z! i3 slittle is known about the basic need for sleep. 对于睡眠的基本需求所知甚少。
, j/ r) U9 g! s! r
! l D- m" q! V" _# @" l* R6 s# e9 V/ P# N; ?' i+ L X
: Q: T' C0 z5 Z
YING-HUI FU: "We do not why some humans Ying-Hui Fu:“我们不(知道)为什么有 # Z# {4 i, t* \& ]7 C' c3 ?
# o- F, Q, H) M3 m) n& j7 uneed more sleep; why some humans need less 些人需要更多的睡眠,为什么有些人(只) , K7 {) n0 q' h/ C/ h, U
) _, Z1 u7 T' H1 L+ K8 s
sleep; why, when we do not sleep, we do not 需较少的睡眠,为什么我们不睡觉状态就 ' r) j# i# t( `. ?2 X5 l( `
4 p3 V9 s( |( z0 P
function well. We just do not know much about 不好。对于睡眠,我们知道的真的一点也
4 C% O( Z m3 ^
% `% s7 ~+ n5 P+ E$ X6 u2 _- zsleep at all." 不多。” 7 m# X2 n: H9 u4 V' _7 W7 T
9 W5 I4 @6 W" Z1 v! w% ?. |4 z, w" g; c- c, {0 `5 Q7 x- \, M
/ |! c5 G7 k! m' I% x- rBut here is something that scientists now 但是,有件事是科学家们现在所知道的:
1 a4 \' x# }8 q5 }/ r& `7 y0 T" B5 s# s% A6 ^& O3 C% O( `( x
know: A team led by Professor Fu has reported 由Fu 教授领导的研究小组已经发表研究 " n& F J9 } y' p0 R1 E
) @/ v8 g* c. L0 ^2 v, p5 Ethe first genetic link to how much sleep we 报告,首次提出人们需要多少睡眠,跟基 6 L6 W) A1 D- K a
8 O5 r3 `2 b y" [
need. 因有关。 0 k6 l5 M; F" C
: T8 w+ Y( i6 `& u
6 @/ o, f1 o- ?+ S
8 O# r; ] M# u6 x7 J5 KThe team was looking for a natural clock in the 这个研究小组一直在寻找人体内控制睡
& R( _- n$ Z( s& a( g" }, x' x
3 u; m, Y0 N5 h' o% y7 g! Qbody that controls sleep and wakefulness. 眠和苏醒的生物钟。(然而)他们发现的 8 `* M( ]6 Y( r9 U
5 ^2 h" Q% ]" H' o' |What they found was a genetic abnormality. 是基因异常。拥有这种变异(基因)的人 ( J) C1 [6 G) h `6 E
, {! `5 L% u9 J2 oPeople who have this mutation need less sleep 所需的睡眠比其他人少。
4 d N5 B% P, q8 }0 c( z0 R* P$ V
than others. 6 z G8 G- u' k
5 f* @9 R/ l* Z
J& C: C+ A) R, C8 z
5 d0 V d' d# A2 F _' r6 [But keep in mind that the scientists say this 但请记住,这些科学家也指出,这种变异 / M$ J& u2 U( J: e
+ U# w. k4 o# D9 a/ Y2 Y
mutated gene may be rare. The study involved 基因可能很罕见。这项研究涉及到一个家
$ z; \4 Q. y; O
7 }2 |# E: J% }2 |( z7 Wtwo members of an extended family . They did 族的两名成员,他们每天只需6 小时睡眠,
, ] ?/ P9 G* ]" i, B" k0 e9 n. U
fine on just six hours of sleep a day. Studies 就能保持良好状态。研究已经证实,随着
4 i2 E+ O7 R" P6 B7 z' T& m# ?8 n" B) j/ u9 G8 l/ G0 n
have shown that over time, most humans need 时间的推移,大多数人需要8-8.5 小时睡
. M- ~# W5 }% e3 @% }; \' m: H9 |! T a. Y
eight to eight and a half hours of sleep for the 眠来保持最佳健康状况。 [* U0 g- f% H2 m
6 u' v' U4 U+ f$ [best health. 0 {0 ?0 V3 r) V, N
& v# Q5 k/ |# a. G
- Z/ I; A' Z* R% V: `3 C1 w/ Q& O! N/ N, S+ F& `8 @
To test their theories, the scientists genetically 为了测试他们的理论,科学家们在老鼠身 7 L( k1 A. l+ Z6 M0 n7 h' [
: M5 g; n, u' C& X5 Q# \* K# vengineered the mutation in mice. The mice 上用基因工程改造出这种变异。拥有变异
/ _8 ~: L9 A: M5 Z* `
" J3 E% C+ {+ t: dwith the mutation needed less sleep than (基因)的老鼠比正常老鼠所需的睡眠
2 B7 \. N4 w# Q) v) ?5 }, o5 W7 S4 W5 y `
normal mice. They were also more active even 少。即使在被保持(长时间)清醒的状态 & V* [0 @) a7 b( I; J% I" w
* d$ E+ f. E) x; E* Y8 Z
after being kept awake. 下,它们也显得更有活力。
4 Z4 K, b E' `8 L# H
6 _' r9 G) Y4 ]: x7 _5 i5 a" J
- K: s/ t3 S$ _% e" w1 X; E8 t' Z
1 b: e# u. G: \& k6 n0 `HEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep . ~0 n( g' o- M& j
0 C0 a- u5 Z; ]0 b7 V' _, g
UNSV.COM 英语辅导杂志
5 O' U! K$ N4 \& A4 H Issue 123, Vol. 2009, August 26 , 2009 http://www.unsv.com 4 o8 |4 A2 J9 t& v) }
1 g9 L% |# D7 ]7 P8 u! i& z: Q
$ q( l- H! D% I1 _; n. n, w
+ D& f H5 w8 f0 K+ B7 ^The study appears in the journal Science. The 这项研究发表在《科学》杂志上。研究人
, [: w7 o0 a, m- X
) O/ p1 G$ R% c8 Oresearchers will continue to study the mice to 员将继续调查这些老鼠,以测试这种基因
" a/ ]8 `8 h& L1 _7 u, ]" N
0 g; i# z$ C! ~/ a6 Xtest whether the gene is related to other 是否跟其它健康状况有关。他们还将研究 : [8 Q6 J w5 s& O! ?: f( \
+ a& w! U3 K0 e) }5 z, \medical conditions. And they will study 这种基因是仅仅涉及控制睡眠质量,还是
% [& e" V& K8 d- b. q, }! J! @5 A% s: }4 Z' ]
whether it is involving in controlling sleep 也会涉及科学家们所称的 “苏醒行为欲 * K+ B7 y* G1 T2 S3 P
3 {8 ^* ^% C: A0 [; }quantity alone, or also what scientists call the 望”。这种欲望对于(人们)获得食物、 4 N' a. P5 o6 y$ c/ b+ }& L' Q- c
% K8 X |! D/ j6 J"wakefulness-behavioral drive." This drive is 保护和伙伴很重要。
) }# w5 E. @+ @7 Z( B
8 g/ y5 L. U9 f( z% n+ k. Wimportant for getting food, shelter and mates.
7 o: H! W7 g) l' _& U
1 K3 K% X( i* p, h, L- A
1 H! P+ b0 C: C3 E9 V4 l3 `4 n; c0 {; \
; g$ W/ u, S3 V$ T3 H; L* jHow you sleep can be as important as how 你怎么睡(即睡姿)可能跟你睡多久同样
4 e" i0 a: q \+ K8 l O0 o' S
~% I1 d @! ~) m, C5 wmuch you sleep -- especially for newborn 重要,尤其对于新生婴儿。一项最新(研
' k2 g+ v: d+ J$ h
8 u; r1 ~) V4 v- I$ ybabies. A new report says images in parenting 究)报告指出,对于如何将婴儿放在床上,
9 r) u6 Z$ C" g$ F T0 [% L5 Q3 f, @/ K. }: \2 ?2 N( g
and women's magazines may send the wrong 家长和女性相关杂志中的图片也许会传 ( T* b3 N& ^. l% f
3 k+ _6 c$ i/ w$ p1 _5 d, _# E) g8 p
message about how to put babies to bed. 递错误的信息。
: T$ [# l6 o. C& p& @. W# x# F( |* P( ^' S: {: p
. c5 U- Z7 U+ E
/ e4 c: p- U6 s3 x
The study found that more than one-third of 该研究发现,在女性杂志中,1/3 以上的
% p1 C& d; \* X3 R7 _5 @
- m. |7 C- B7 r; G3 ^5 n* K- bthe pictures in women's magazines showed 图片展示使用不安全的婴儿睡姿——侧
6 y; e+ v' {- I. |' C; ]7 ~# f! |
babies in unsafe sleep positions . They showed 身睡或扒着睡。此外,仅有1/3 的图片所
7 x* W) N {% e+ w w3 w. H! _% n# }
babies sleeping on their sides or stomachs. 展示的(婴儿)睡眠环境被美国小儿科学
9 t+ G' T4 q% `
, {! L4 |8 i- _& p! K }$ ~Also, only a third of the pictures showed sleep 会认可为安全的。 2 `/ \- Q+ V. Q. A9 j* L7 L
3 E3 m& c p0 M7 V& M# x% |1 X0 ]! `
environments considered safe by the American
3 p& `* v j. |: u& D% \2 I: v3 ? X$ C' e7 m
Academy of Pediatrics. $ M* n9 ?+ _$ Z( n
" \ X/ G. m) z, E7 |: o: o+ C# Z) A
) y- N* X4 `& S3 K
# ^5 w8 E/ e0 h/ q. B' H- E2 mThe academy says babies should sleep on their 该学会称,婴儿应该躺着睡,放在和父母
! m- k9 t2 Q/ V/ c' n/ v0 w7 C1 o# B8 F1 [( O% z* Q; J
backs. It says they should be placed on a 分开的睡台上,不要盖毯子、垫枕头或铺 * |" M5 W. ?5 P' }
0 F" A7 G/ V5 T/ ?separate sleep surface from their parents, 软床垫。在美国,这些指导方针被认为有 + |, G( T7 ^3 b& K. m$ V6 O
* J! r9 e+ C7 D8 L+ I0 f
without blankets, pillows or other soft bedding. 助于减少婴儿猝死症候群病例。 8 ^/ q! ~3 {: R3 f" @2 @
9 a6 \$ A" z- j' l) ], FThese guidelines are credited with reducing
% U( `7 K) {0 Z# ^" a5 s
' L* y+ J& E9 o6 X. Fcases of sudden infant death syndrome in the
8 ]3 }- k6 f% r: @- Y8 [* m# R+ i$ i0 {0 H6 T, O
United States.
& a- e4 H( d9 H
4 V; t) X6 a3 C' C
: E7 w6 |# _3 Z1 N3 J# h8 p! X$ v" C- F. S
HEALTH REPORT - Researchers Link Gene to Need for Less Sleep Page 13 |
|