推出科学健身系列视频后,很多健友渴望有中文翻译。这次由健友“背最长肌”耗时月余翻译出了字幕,Jerry正在编辑视频添加中文字幕,不久即可和健友见面。本帖作为大餐前的开胃小菜,先品一下。1 m9 L0 h0 m& N9 b
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感谢“背最长肌”~
5 Z- z; B/ J1 n! F W6 l: [MUSCULAR ANATOMY 肌肉解剖——腿部
( e0 M9 a- u+ r) }4 c5 M, I& P Yours legs are a massive collection of muscle groups, joints, and bones.
5 S3 ^$ U) _/ G& x. F- q$ i2 V) F* v, ]To better target specific muscles and increase the overall strength and- @, v9 [. m! }4 H
performance of your lower body, you need to know a little bit about your% k$ x, O- r4 e% ]* b: {
anatomy and how each bone, joint, and muscle work together. Let's start with
7 V4 e2 v$ r( J4 O2 `! Pthe muscles.& u5 L4 r. }1 ^! n
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腿部由肌群、骨骼和关节组合在一起。为了针对性的训练目标肌肉和增加下肢总体强度和表现,在健身之前需要了解一点解剖学,每块骨、关节、和肌肉如何组合在一起。我们先从肌肉开始介绍。 9 G6 U, Z5 ?$ V* Z3 P- J
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QUADRICEPS FEMORIS3 [5 `2 s. S. S& }2 S. S3 S9 I' O
Your quads are made up of four main muscle groups—hence the prefix,/ ?2 b; F8 B8 C0 t% C2 o1 ~% e; u z
"quad." These muscles are the vastus lateralis, vastus medialis,
5 _( ~ y8 T# O7 y) M& m' `! z" q- Rvastus intermedius, and rectus femoris. These muscles work in concert to extend. z) _% {/ o5 V. {, I0 \! ?
your knee(伸膝关节).
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, |, B: L, `+ j# p, E% n( S 股四头肌主要有四部分肌群组成。分别为股外侧肌肉、股内侧肌、股内侧肌和股直肌。这些肌肉的主要作用是伸膝关节。
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VASTUS LATERALIS; W6 z( y2 C% q
A lot of bodybuilders and fitness athletes covet《渴求》 an outer-thigh sweep(广阔宽大). This sweep comes from developing your) W; T1 ^, w( C4 M6 w
vastus lateralis, which sits on the outside portion of your thigh. The muscle
+ z8 `" p* y9 M2 @3 m' e6 r% kstarts at the top of your femur (thigh bone) and attaches to the patellar0 ~. i; F7 R1 e9 \' n3 @9 ^1 h3 v
tendon in your knee joint.
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很多健身者和健美运动员都渴求宽阔的大腿外侧,宽阔的大腿来自于发达的股外侧肌,此肌肉位于大腿的外侧。起自股骨的上部,连接到膝关节的髌韧带。: g3 P0 n4 w) ^- Z
x6 R& N, R0 iVASTUS MEDIALIS
* A& P) a( w& x8 ]8 P% N( Y# nYou want that tear-drop shape on your inner thigh? Then you want a big+ }6 V" R4 z7 x# d6 C
vastus medialis. The vastus medialis starts at the top of the femur and1 u/ {. B* L8 d t
attaches to the patellar tendon. The tear drop sits just above your knee on the
/ U; @4 I" z/ }inside of your leg.
; M: c9 X! O8 C+ g 你是否梦想大腿内侧锻炼的像汗珠样?这滴汗珠需要一块发达的股内侧肌。股内侧肌起始于股骨上部,也连接到髌韧带。汗珠正好位于膝关节上方大腿内侧。
) X9 Y* N. }9 W$ T/ R5 v1 o0 }VASTUS INTERMEDIUS The vastus intermedius is deep in the middle of your thigh. You can't see( u: e4 i+ K; L2 R+ v
it because it's covered by the rectus femoris, but it also originates on the
) D) x: Y9 z0 `! {femur and attaches to the patellar tendon.
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股中间肌位于大腿中部深层,因其被股直肌覆盖,故此不能看到,此肌也起源于股骨,连接到髌韧带。" j4 X/ T7 u: X
0 s/ x: K# J3 [( w5 j3 e- PRECTUS FEMORIS/ C, r- v7 l0 @: B# U5 F
This muscle is unique because it's the only one of your quadriceps muscles
, \( e2 W4 c- s4 x$ Gthat crosses your hip. It connects at the top of the pelvis and comes down all R! s& I) o: q+ b' a$ t8 v
the way to insert at the patellar tendon in the knee.
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1 P: y! u. F4 k7 H) F, P8 b 股直肌的独特之处在于它是股四头肌中唯一块越过髋骨的肌肉。它起自骨盆上方的髂骨前下嵴,沿着股骨行走,插入到膝关节的髌韧带。
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( \* R3 Q" f0 S. DHAMSTRINGS: ~+ b8 z* I1 L
If you want to develop big quads, you need to spend an equal amount of
/ f* F# q) I1 i* T6 V$ Utime developing the back of your legs. The hamstrings have three main muscle
& K. e l* D8 r# V9 V! Jgroups: the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and the semitendinosus. These, l: o4 `3 R5 I) W9 O* s, b! I" D
muscles work to flex your knee(屈膝关节). In other words, they bring your heel toward your butt.+ n6 d% x$ ]% A
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如果你想锻炼出发达的四头肌,也需要给予大腿后部肌群—腘绳肌以同等训练时间。腘绳肌主要由三大肌群组成:股二头肌、半膜肌、半腱肌。这些肌肉用来屈膝关节,亦就是说可以带动脚后跟踢向屁股。
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5 I. _7 G r9 Z2 }6 l BICEPS FEMORIS
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The biceps femoris is a two-headed muscle. The long head runs from the
5 L5 c+ k3 r1 \! v) [3 s3 E+ Gischial tuberosity—or the sitting bones—and attaches to the fibula. The short
9 L' S. t$ C, }head originates on the back part of the femur and attaches to the fibula.; z+ r: l1 T4 v3 }
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股二头肌有两个头。长头起自坐骨结节,止点在小腿的胫骨。短头起自股骨后方,也止于胫骨。0 F- ^2 d* Q% T" R9 G' }
/ M, f/ p" X! Y/ l1 G2 F4 ~* n% _SEMIMEMBRANOSUS $ [" G! d+ }9 e5 P0 x
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! h) t' G% n, M: t1 uThis wide, flat, and deep muscle originates at the ischial tuberosity and1 |8 h9 ]# s/ D
attaches at the tibia. It's more medial, or closer to the midline, than the
1 p9 f+ p: |: d& Dsemitendinosus.
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# n" a5 B& l9 ^6 r, O 半膜肌较为肥厚,位于深层,起自坐骨结节、止点在小腿的腓骨。它比半腱肌更加靠近体中线。
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SEMITENDINOSUS
3 e6 F1 E3 u( _* O: V. n# QThe semitendinosus runs from the ischial tuberosity and also attaches to# U/ B4 {& g) T$ [& ^
the tibia. This muscle is notable for the length of its tendon insertion, which
: W! H$ T8 V7 C' t xcan be partially removed to replace a torn anterior cruciate ligament (ACL 前十字韧带).
& Y# n5 ]' M; {& j半腱肌起自坐骨结节,也止于腓骨。此肌的特点是它很长的韧带,可以部分的切除来替代磨损的前十字韧带(位于膝关节内的韧带)。2 _4 G% J6 z# j: e; d" U/ u+ \
' g- N1 z0 X5 v GLUTES We like to talk about glutes because of their potential beauty, but it's% l6 z) z: k9 i9 u; N9 N; {
important to note that the glute muscles are hugely important for keeping our
# | }6 |8 U3 ]% A6 ctrunk upright. We don't have big butts just for looks, after all. The gluteal9 M* n5 I$ j( m1 X) y! |! u
muscles are made up of the gluteus maximus, the gluteus medius, and the gluteus2 r j9 l- Y% Q+ l2 t q. O
minimus.
, m; P* |% y, g7 r1 [& c: J 我们喜爱谈论臀肌,是因为它潜在的美,但臀肌的重要性在于保持躯干挺直。最终我们不能拥有这样一个丰满的臀部。臀肌主要由臀大肌、臀中肌和臀小肌组成。
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GLUTEUS MAXIMUS
) C0 o9 [8 F1 H- NThe glute maximus is the most visible muscle and is what people spend the3 }# d' O! `; S$ t
most time developing. The glute max starts on your sacrum (the triangular bone+ S+ U* d* r6 D# q( L& e
at the base of the spine 骶骨) and your lumbar fascia (腰筋膜connective tissue in your lower back) and attaches to your iliotibial
T8 }8 M) M$ R( gtract(髂胫束), or your IT band. It also attaches to your outer thigh.
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臀大肌是最易看到,很多人花大把时间来锻炼的一块臀肌。臀大肌起自骶骨和腰筋膜,止点在大腿外侧下方的髂胫束。! ?! O- `; x( ]; N" d
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GLUTEUS MEDIUS People aren't usually too concerned with the glute medius because it's
1 g" ` D' G0 Q( w% sdeeper and you can't see it, but the glute medius is an important muscle. It's' j/ {, k. s7 V1 e* {+ e3 j
a critical stabilizer(固定者) of the hip and thigh. It runs from the top of your hip bone (the iliac
( G9 k3 l" a/ u* w$ ?crest:髂脊) and attaches
7 O) b& R' \. L. }to your outer thigh.% t4 ?* b; V- ^9 u; X" O
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锻炼者对臀中肌关注不多,因其位置较深,不能看到,但看不到不等于不重要。臀中肌是髋骨和大腿的固定肌肉。起自髋骨的髂嵴,止点在大腿的外侧。 P* i6 P. _/ j, x& {3 L+ A, U. {
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GLUTEUS MINIMUS9 a6 k2 |0 ^' p# a, A/ V. F
Even deeper than the glute medius is your glute minimus. It's a very small0 {0 E& t* d+ R" K/ U
muscle that starts on the outer portion of your hip and attaches to the outer' v, V2 E5 S8 j9 M% B6 }
thigh.
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比臀中肌更深的是臀小肌,体积很小。起自髋骨外侧,止点在大腿外侧。0 z8 D' c) I3 t1 M. A3 t8 F
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ADDUCTORS6 [5 | z4 N5 U
We've all sat in the adductor-abductor machine and wondered, "Why am
3 K O1 r9 @/ j- C7 w3 |4 E, DI doing this?" The adductors are actually very important muscles. There# F2 q1 c+ ?' _9 D2 u5 _
are five muscle groups to discuss here, and all of them originate at the inside
! f% C' h) ^7 t7 k1 I% @/ nof your hip (pubis:耻骨) and attach to the inside of your thigh. The adductors are layered(分层存在), almost like the shape of a fan.
" h D" v' Q% h当我们坐在内收外展训练机上感到奇怪,为何要做这个动作?内收肌实际上很重要,由五块肌肉组成,均起源于髋骨中的耻骨,止点在大腿内侧。内收肌分层排列,犹如扇形。
1 _" W$ \6 O" A# I) g$ uIn terms of training, the adductors are important for stabilization. They. f. X2 x R" ?
don't get much use in common movements, so it's important to work them. M1 f- c% b' m7 V
specifically. Strong adductors help you stabilize during unilateral movements(单侧运动) and are essential to a good squat.* r+ j: R, w( L3 l! G: D7 ?
6 a( F% J# M+ F' L$ w9 i4 i% t从锻炼的角度来说,内收肌群对于下肢的稳定至关重要。内收肌在一些常规动作中用不到,在特殊动作中用到。强壮的内收肌有助于单侧运动时的稳定,是完美下蹲的基础。1 s) t/ T [# h {. S0 [& d/ {8 n1 e
) r( V. T! U. a2 E( hPECTINEUS- z& N9 A: l' N* u
The pectineus begins on the pubis and attaches to top of femur. o. q2 E+ V# [0 d y. }& f: b
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耻骨肌起自耻骨,止点在股骨上部。 8 N: H! N. N7 Z( ~/ h' l; _! u
ADDUCTOR BREVIS& k! y3 N; o9 o7 Q5 W8 k) B
R7 T" H% D, V7 I5 d4 m1 E2 NThis muscle lies next to the pectineus and attaches lower on the femur.8 A% ~, v, E* J) K0 ?/ n8 K
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短内收肌与耻骨肌相邻,止点在股骨下端。
* |2 k0 ~" o- r2 ?ADDUCTOR LONGUSThe adductor longus runs from the pubis and attaches below the brevis. & K3 r: C1 w3 y8 j9 n; I7 b
长内收肌起自耻骨,止点在短内收肌的下方。, }& l F3 d2 l {' ^! M
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ADDUCTOR MAGNUS
/ m$ {/ t2 G/ V/ W4 ^4 E$ H5 tThis is probably the biggest adductor. It runs from your pubis and has0 O- |0 S: \! {) a( I5 U1 `
attachment points at the top of your thigh and down a little lower on the- T1 n% H$ y9 U& L1 j) j/ [
inside of your mid thigh.. k1 c1 ^. W( T* M
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大内收肌是内收肌中最大的一块。起自于耻骨,止点在大腿上端的收肌结节,先下到大腿中部内侧。
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GRACILIS1 s0 B$ C1 m& q& Z, l, p
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The gracilis is a long adductor. It originates on your pubis and attaches
: d) g+ r$ K7 w" f2 Zto the tibia, or the inside of your lower leg bone.
# I5 W6 B# x' S" S- _ 股薄肌较长,起自耻骨,止点在小腿的胫骨,或者小腿骨(胫骨)内侧。
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STANDING
- _5 R. d& b$ L, R+ u6 v JCALF RAISE:站姿提踵
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( L% X. I# G: z5 |9 h9 s0 U' ECALVES You can't have great legs without a good set of calves. The two main. U, R6 F6 @0 _& G
muscles in your calves are the gastrocnemius and the soleus. These muscles work
% U9 ~+ e) i" m8 [- o# cto flex and point (绷直)your foot.
4 m# ~' ^; I$ Z e5 O如果没有发达的腓肠肌,你不可能拥有完美的腿部。腓肠肌作用是弯曲和绷直脚掌。
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GASTROCNEMIUS
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Your gastrocnemius is unique because it crosses the back of the knee
; n# P7 x7 W' n1 F( ejoint. It has two heads, lateral and medial, which converge and attach to your; B1 t$ D8 C4 l* Q; D5 ]7 g q7 }
Achilles tendon(跟腱) in your ankle. 1 r3 f% o% e. `; q' \! W( Y
腓肠肌(小腿肚子)的独特支持在于位于膝关节的后方,有两个头。外侧头和内侧头,融合在一起,止点在踝关节的跟腱。
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$ {' h# H& y! Y+ VSOLEUS$ \7 [4 e- |- j+ K5 x
The soleus is deeper than the gastrocnemius. It originates at the tibia
0 q# f2 z B( I9 p$ F& b2 F/ M! |% Oand fibula and attaches to the Achilles tendon.1 Z# s& y# [4 ]6 y
, ~0 N2 N, e- y6 u8 Q. w$ M |" s 比目鱼肌位于腓肠肌的深层,起自胫骨和腓骨,止点在跟腱。
8 n ~3 p' }# b+ b3 |% }0 ESKELETAL ANATOMY With a system as large as your legs, just knowing the muscles isn't6 r0 B. ?/ ?" m1 n; G
enough. Learn more about the bones and joints that are necessary for you to
_0 {, }% V3 @$ b7 [4 nwalk, run, and squat!
# y( ?: Y+ M& L2 I& W 作为一个系统,单单知晓肌肉尚不够。需要掌握更多关于在行走、奔跑和下蹲时参与的骨骼和关节。 7 s! w6 W5 @8 H' A# n6 X' v
PELVIS
5 y+ z# h4 W* j9 WThe pelvis is shaped like a bowl. It ties your lower body together and has
S, w9 {! \. K, S& g. w3 etwo basic movements. Your pelvis can roll the hips forward, which is called anterior
1 k& [5 {# g- t, ltilt(前倾), and can roll
( A$ f" t E5 c( A9 |6 `$ C& l, h8 jthe hips backward, which is called posterior tilt(后倾). 骨盆宛若碗状。它将下身连接在一起。两种基本运动方式,骨盆可以使髋骨前倾,也可以使髋骨后倾。8 \! _% P" P. s4 Z$ x' m" y
+ }5 @1 k$ I: `9 L- w! g- HHIPS
9 y; C) i% g! }% IYour hip joint is where your femur attaches to a socket in your pelvis.- f( ?- a8 n! M4 X( w
This ball-and-socket joint gives you freedom of motion, which is why you can3 q! y4 v D; {, f* a
flex, extend, abduct, adduct, and internally (内旋)and externally rotate(外旋) your legs.6 J" k6 d0 @4 u# m+ U
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髋关节由股骨头卡在骨盆的髋臼内形成,这个球形关节给予了腿部运动的自由,可以屈伸、内收,内外旋转。 / o0 U; }; p% d; j, k
KNEES
8 K1 ?% s1 F( u6 L2 @0 y% ZThe knee is a condyloid joint(椭圆型关节), which means that it does more than just flex and extend, it can also
3 z* X- S3 }$ K2 D" erotate. The knee is critical in almost every leg exercise you do. G6 j; J0 a7 B- J! Z3 P, C
膝关节是椭圆形关节,意味着可以更多的屈伸和旋转,膝关节对于腿部训练时每一个动作又要参与。
+ \% J% r$ u" |. vANKLES 6 w+ z0 b! T; L1 N! _
Your ankles control two basic movements: Planar flexion(脚掌屈), which is pointing your toe toward the [2 E. F7 r) Z5 V$ \; w# G* F
ground, and dorsiflexion(上翻脚掌), which is pulling your toes up toward your face.. L# |. s+ C- G# Z" `; ^
3 ]2 Y, Z2 m/ n) T- i/ i6 j s+ K踝关节有两个基本运动:下翻脚掌和上翻脚掌。
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6 |3 V: V7 M8 b0 U Q7 B0 AMUSCULAR FUNCTION q" m( _1 U7 E/ \
7 B' ~5 I5 e5 T7 jI want you to have a really good understanding of how your bones, joints,
+ V+ R' F% B: z3 U3 Tand muscles work together to create seamless(浑然一体的), fluid movement. Here's what these muscles do in the gym.
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* _" N8 O$ n8 M5 X; H: G( V我希望大家对肌肉,骨骼和关节的知识能够牢固掌握。下面学习肌肉的功能。; J6 M1 O& W/ a% y
- z% A e2 y' d% j& QQUADRICEPS& o$ V8 P$ g$ N" x
% R9 F" i1 O) P* u ?) k7 fThe quadriceps muscles are responsible for extending your knee. Movements
- s3 o4 Q7 a, Llike squats and leg extensions will bring out your quads. I'd like you to pay
5 X3 ]- W8 w6 D0 qspecial attention to your rectus femoris because it crosses two joints, the hip
/ s' ]5 c M5 g* [# w% w9 O: Xand the knee. The rectus femoris helps to flex your hip. You can work it by
7 r! F# f) T+ q7 R1 I: i; jdoing step-ups or sprints(冲刺跑).
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& {6 j8 Q e2 {) ~4 m股四头肌的主要功能是伸展膝关节。当深蹲和伸腿时将用到股四头肌。大家尤其要注意股直肌,它越过髋关节和膝关节两个关节。股直肌有助于屈髋关节。可以通过上下台阶或冲刺跑的方式来锻炼股直肌。; k j& a" Z: ~. d0 F
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; u7 O9 R) A. H( J$ E) e BARBELL' m! ?, t3 s1 r8 q
SQUAT 杠铃深蹲. Q- u; \- Z# ~: N
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HAMSTRINGS 2 f3 x& Q' W4 l: i' ]7 l8 ?
Your hamstrings come into play when you extend your hips. You'll hit your
U: e# g) H2 H2 B3 W5 U3 Mhamstrings doing any deadlift variation. Your hammies are also used in
$ x# i7 V: @% x( O( b. V: rmovements with knee flexion. Leg curls(腿弯举), glute-ham raises, and squats will all grow the back of your legs.
|4 c3 f; ?& ? i) B Z 伸髋关节时主要用到腘绳肌群。可以采用各种硬拉的方式来刺激腘绳肌群。当屈膝关节时也会用到腘绳肌。腿弯举、器械辅助反弓和深蹲可以锻炼大腿后部。 . l2 F/ e: q3 k8 t; f- W* j H
GLUTES Your glutes get worked when you load the hips. Heavy deadlifts can help
) l& E* y& M" o9 A4 W5 H6 zbuild that glute max, while unilateral exercises like split squats (箭步蹲)will engage the smaller glute muscles
) j- ]0 r5 q7 ]for stability.; Q% y* V3 N) B; e0 }& v
" r: h0 V; U! S+ `3 _当对髋骨收到付荷载时,臀肌起作用。重物硬拉可以锻炼臀大肌,单侧训练箭步蹲可以锻炼到小的臀肌来增加稳定性。" ]% `6 X3 ~6 Y$ c( |3 r9 v7 t1 o& e
% w% B3 Q, j# w: ]3 b+ SADDUCTORS
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2 D% S. `2 H5 o% o; MYour adductors are there for stability and control. Exercises like lunges" f* v) x/ q' ?1 V/ A: _ F. |
will engage and strengthen them." y4 b4 K) M# a" `* C# x9 a" J
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内收肌主要用来固定和控制。采用马步压腿的方式强化它们。: M9 ]5 w: p5 z% o" W5 {8 G
" e% ?! a) [& v4 ^8 \8 o0 m: iCALVES
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+ @$ G) r& ~- o7 H O. }) \' p* `: k; ~: e% NTo best train your gastrocnemius, do the standing calf-raise. Your soleus' S+ j& @/ N! a9 s
is better trained when the knee is flexed, so perform seated calf-raises to* S8 q) q5 o) X& U' E
work it.
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* Q, ^! o) i- U# i- |为了更好的训练腓肠肌,可以做站姿提踵。坐姿提踵和膝关节屈曲时可以锻炼到比目鱼肌。
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KEY EXERCISES. D* C& L# F" H! c1 [( s+ [! s3 w
We can read about the muscles all day, but to actually change them, we" `8 t/ v5 q' v8 O9 f. k! @3 G
have to do some work in the gym. Here are some great exercises that will help
) Q/ b9 c/ B" j& N1 M3 A+ cyou target and build those leg muscles for a stronger base and a balanced) g. r/ x- R" h8 k$ b+ t7 b
physique.
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* J, w( }" m0 e) L2 @$ \+ { 重点训练动作。健美爱好者可以对书日读肌肉结构,但最终的改变它们还要再健身房去锻炼。下面将选几个重点动作来介绍,有助于大家锻炼腿部,获得匀称的体质。
" W' o1 ]: P0 \! a* K! i* nEXERCISE 1 FRONT SQUAT(前深蹲)
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8 I& i+ S8 j/ W) k7 q. I! }% n5 NThe cool thing about front squats is that you hit almost every muscle in* m- G; E) r, w7 J; w
your legs. As you sit down into the squat, you lengthen the quads and load the
0 Y: y# a4 i2 `2 }hamstrings and glutes. When you stand up, you extend the knee and fire your
( n& f Z8 _5 e f0 \/ n' `quads. If you're going to pick one exercise to start building your legs, this: x+ R9 l# F8 l3 P7 u# B1 d
is the one I recommend. It's an exercise that will give you a lot of bang for
' x7 V6 _1 q: B" d, n2 P" a% x+ ayour buck.# l/ J; S( p# u0 q9 @* H3 _2 c
前深蹲的迷人之处是可以刺激大腿的每一块肌肉。当深蹲时,拉伸股四头肌,施加荷载给腘绳肌和臀肌。当起身时,伸膝关节并刺激股四头肌。如果你想用一个动作来锻炼大腿,我推荐这个。这是一个给你巨大回报的锻炼方法。
: P: ]" m. f% g4 {/ c! y' Z7 f FRONT SQUAT) ` P( x) U7 }% o7 Q' L7 H
Set a barbell high on your sternum, almost against the bottom of your
$ e5 s$ d5 G# B3 ~throat. It's uncomfortable, but that's the best place for the bar. Your legs
4 x6 V" {+ p$ R/ n: A' nshould be shoulder width apart, with your toes turned slightly out. Keep your
7 n+ y: d' T* ?$ u; D/ b' {' D1 Mbody weight in the mid foot, and then sit back. Keep your knees out. Sit down
- ~& X1 t4 _: b% b5 P3 [% ]to parallel or below and then come back up to a full extension.
$ G2 i+ K4 A+ T: D将杠铃放置在胸骨之上,大致与喉下方相抵。这个动作不爽,但是杠铃放置的最好位置。脚开与肩同宽,脚尖略微外开。保证身体重量位于脚的中部,然后下蹲,膝关节向前屈,臀部平行或低于膝关节,之后起身完全伸展膝关节。
! u) g& I$ Z% z- ?% ^2 FEXERCISE 2 ROMANIAN DEADLIFT(罗马尼亚硬拉)
4 K6 v% U$ y( b& \3 W dThis fantastic exercise will isolate the glutes and hamstrings. Focus on
2 b7 \9 ^2 y. O* y2 F! b2 opushing the hips back. Keep your knees soft and your spine neutral. As you push
/ t% H- Z+ n/ h+ C& n' O( t$ fyour hips back, your glutes and hamstring groups stretch out. Finish the F$ s# j; X" c7 f% z3 c/ n2 e
movement by popping the hips forward and flexing your glutes. Full range of
8 d5 j5 L p! Q5 {0 H w! j2 E0 \motion will give you the growth and development you're looking for.
. n# n; ~. m# v 罗马尼亚硬拉可以分开臀肌和腘绳肌。集中于臀部后倾。膝关节发送,脊柱平直。当臀部后倾时,臀肌和腘绳肌收到拉伸。之后带动臀部向前,屈臀肌,完成这个动作。
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ROMANIAN
5 k% Q- h0 o; P: a5 d5 M9 V, f. pDEADLIFT EXERCISE 3 LUNGES(马步前进) ; c" f: F( J1 U+ J! D2 S1 m
Training on one leg changes the stress on your muscles and forces your
* u4 a2 m6 F4 [4 w0 vbody to stabilize. Keep your torso up(躯干挺直) nice and tall, step forward on one leg, and land on the heel. Push back
) t; F" X: _' {+ hup from the ground and return to full extension.
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, q7 N ~/ V3 t马步压腿。 训练单腿并改变施加在肌肉上的强度,有助于强化腿部稳定性。动作要点:躯干挺直,单腿前跨一步,脚后跟着地。起身,回复到伸展状态。0 n$ R* H: R- q# n3 _7 I
; M: d2 b0 U7 t5 w7 G- Y. rWe picked the lunge because it hits every muscle in your leg. Your quads
: e" Q* s4 N$ J( k( U1 dwill extend your knee as you step out and back. Your hamstrings and glutes will1 z4 U4 \) L( r% I& `8 ]( ^2 V
pull you down and will also help you come back out of the bottom. Yes, you're
7 A5 ^1 ^5 k/ K* Nusing those big muscles, but you also use those little muscles like the glute
% P/ r$ f- m/ v: gminimus and adductors to stabilize your knee and control the movement.: V D" U3 B% l k0 m3 D/ y9 i
9 L6 W, p+ w) r% [4 t3 c我们介绍马步压腿,是因为此动作可以刺激腿部的各块肌肉。当你跨出步子和收回步子的时候时,股四头肌可以伸膝关节。而臀肌和腘绳肌可以使你下压,也可以助你起身。除了用到这些大块肌肉,还要用到臀小肌和固定膝关节并控制运动的内收肌群。 . k5 F( {+ q" t1 g- ]% N/ a
EXERCISE 4 STANDING CALF RAISE 站姿提踵 8 g' g4 y- S% b) z5 e" z
You can use your bodyweight, dumbbells, or a barbell with this movement.
5 G9 G: d. v N7 Q2 iThe best thing about calf raises is that they're hard to mess up. Keep your
8 r4 D. R' |' X. s9 r# H0 yknees nice and straight to stretch your gastrocnemius and your Achilles. At the) p$ q$ S$ A" e2 |7 n, K1 c
bottom of the movement, give the stretch a second or two before coming up to a, i' U; p/ d) `6 |0 i$ s, V8 f+ t2 ^
big squeeze at the top.# E9 F8 G9 h7 y7 s# r& z
& X! x# q- e) G1 }" K: C站姿提踵可以利用自身重量、哑铃和杠铃来做这个动作。提踵这个动作的最大好处是不会和其他动作混淆。动作要点:保持膝关节舒适和挺直,拉伸腓肠肌和脚后跟。动作的末尾,在尽力顶峰收缩之前,可以再对其拉伸两三次,
6 I& d- u- Z- U& yBETTER LEGS, BUILT BY SCIENCE ' @5 g G3 Z, `* j% w
We've covered a lot of information, but I hope you understand how
) K+ e8 q% x5 h' P# gimportant your hips and legs are. If you need to, go back and watch this video
- p* X H0 k0 v% e) R4 x4 K4 iagain. I want you to get as much out of this trainer as you can. Put this all2 B6 a: S0 o" y
together and learn why we're spending time on our legs. To get the most out of2 b( R, g/ v' J" m
our training and the most out of our physique, we need to train legs. As the: y9 x0 O' Z0 c( [( _7 O
saying goes: Friends don't let friends skip leg day. 5 [# V) a S- V3 A/ G3 A+ V: X0 P
我们介绍了很多信息,但我希望你能知道臀部和腿部有多么的重要。如果需要,希望你把这个视频多看几遍。我希望大家从中学到更多东西。% X) Y+ ~0 w4 X
FOLLOW THE BUILT BY SCIENCE PROGRAM
% A, X$ ^* q/ [1 _# |. l: t Look for the exercises and techniques discussed above in the weekly legs
6 N9 d. {2 h) f2 A6 i% xworkouts of the six-week Built by Science program. Watch all the overview
4 q# I% d) e) }5 Q7 R9 jvideos before attacking the gym. Remember, you need to combine mind and muscle% r6 F( `' r& \4 c# S$ d8 S
to build your best possible body. * z6 z- i; s [2 {1 c/ A# d5 b1 X
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